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Washington, Jan 27 : An available
molecular test can predict the likelihood of death from
early-stage lung cancer more accurately than conventional
methods, according to a team of scientists.
The international team, led by
scientists at the University of California, San Francisco
(UCSF), conducted the two largest clinical studies ever done on
the molecular genetics of lung cancer.
They demonstrated how the test, which measures the activity of
fourteen genes in cancerous tissue, improves the accuracy of
prognosis. This in turn could guide treatments for patients
with the most common form of the disease, non-squamous
non-small cell lung cancer.
The two independent clinical trials included one blinded study
involving the analysis of tissue samples from 433 people with
early-stage lung cancer in northern California and another
study involving 1,006 people with early-stage lung cancer in
China. In both trials, the team showed that the test could
accurately predict whether the odds of death within five years
of surgery to remove a lung cancer were low, intermediate, or
high.
?It?s quite exciting? This has the potential to help hundreds
of thousands of people every year survive longer,? said David
Jablons, MD, the Ada Distinguished Professor in Thoracic
Oncology and leader of the Thoracic Oncology Program at the
Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center at UCSF.
Jablons co-led the study with Michael Mann, MD, a UCSF
Associate Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery.
Today, doctors assess early-stage lung cancers by their size,
location and microscopic appearance. This information, known as
staging, is then used to guide the use of additional treatment
following surgery. If doctors could more precisely gauge
prognosis, more people who might benefit from additional
therapy could receive it immediately after surgery, before any
residual cancer has had a chance to grow.
Evidence from other studies suggests that chemotherapy given in
early-stage lung cancer helps thwart recurrence when there is
evidence of lymph node involvement. Such involvement increases
the risk of other, undetectable metastasis.
The scientists plan to design a large clinical trial that would
seek to confirm that using the algorithm to guide therapy helps
people with lung cancer survive longer.
The study conducted in China is the first major clinical trial
result to emerge from the China Clinical Trials Consortium
(CCTC), a collaboration between hospitals and universities
across mainland China that was founded with the help of leaders
from the UCSF Thoracic Oncology Program to confront the
epidemic of lung cancer in China.
?The CCTC represents a revolutionary new collaborative approach
to clinical research among Chinese and Western experts,? said
Mann.
?It is fitting that this body?s first major effort may support
a molecular personalization of lung cancer care, and yield one
of the first examples that fundamental tumour biology reaches
across ethnic lines and can be used to try to improve outcomes
for a large percentage of patients,? he said.
This study was reported in the Lancet. (ANI)
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